Comparative Evaluation of Debris Expulsion Beyond Apex During Re-root Canal Treatment by Utilizing Two Re-treatment Rotary Files and Two Reciprocating Files: An In-Vitro Study.

AIM: This study aimed to assess and compare debris quality expelled beyond the apex during re-treatment using two reciprocating and two re-treatment rotary files. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 80 healthy human mandibular premolars excised for orthodontic therapy were selected. Distilled water was used to sterilize the teeth before they were preserved. The canals were widened and coronal access was created so that the F2 ProTaper universal system could be used. For the obturation, we utilized gutta-percha cones and AH plus sealant. All samples were cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) recorded. Teeth were separated into four groups (n=20); Group 1: ProTaper re-treatment, Group 2: Mtwo re-treatment, Group 3: WaveOne gold, and Group 4: Reciproc. The re-instrumented process included collecting the extruded debris in Eppendorf tubes and then drying it off by evaporating the distilled water. The weight of the tube with debris was subtracted from the weight of the tube without debris to get the dry debris weight. Post-retreatment CBCT was recorded for all samples. Mean apical debris extrusion values were obtained, after which necessary statistical analysis was obtained using SPSS Statistics, version 21 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY) to obtain the results. A one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and the student t-test were utilized for statistical analysis to compare the different experimental groups. Post-hoc Bonferroni tests were used to compare several groups. RESULT: No statistical difference (p>0.05) was identified in the filler material that was left over across all groups. The reciprocating files discharged more material compared with re-treatment file systems. CONCLUSION: The Reciproc files expelled more waste than WaveOne gold, ProTaper re-treatment, and Mtwo re-treatment file systems. Reciprocating file systems showed better cleaning efficiency compared to the re-treatment file systems.

Influence of Different Types of Root Canal Irrigation Regimen on Resin-based Sealer Penetration and Pushout Bond Strength.

Introduction The main objective of root canal treatment is to eliminate the micro-organism from the root canal system and three-dimensional obturation. The proper cleaning and shaping can be accomplished only by using appropriate instruments and effective irrigants during the root canal treatment. Aim To evaluate the influence of three different final irrigation regimen on depth of penetration of root canal sealers and push-out bond strength of obturation material. Materials and methods Thirty-six extracted single-rooted mandibular premolar human teeth with straight canals were decoronated and instrumented according to groups. Group I: Root canals were irrigated with 3% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), then irradiated with 980 nm diode laser (n = 12), Group II: Root canals were irrigated with 3% NaOCl, followed by 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) (n = 12), Group III: Root canals were irrigated with 3% NaOCl, followed by 10% citric acid (n = 12). In each sample, single cone obturation was done with gutta-percha using AH plus sealer incorporated with rhodamine B dye. After seven days coronal, middle and apical thin cross sections were made for evaluation of dentinal tubule sealer penetration depth and pushout bond strength using confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) and universal testing machine, respectively. Statistical analysis among the three groups was done by using Kruskal-Wallis and post hoc test. Results Mean tubular penetration depth between diode laser (136.57 ± 48 µm), EDTA (130.56 ± 53 µm) and citric acid (113.37 ± 34 µm; P < 0.05) showed statistically highly significant results. Pushout bond strength did not differ significantly between diode laser (1.21 ± 0.48 Mpa), EDTA (1.05 ± 0.45 Mpa) and citric acid (0.93 ± 0.44 Mpa; P > 0.05). Conclusion Mean tubular penetration depth of AH plus sealer was better in diode laser than in EDTA and citric acid. Average push-out bond strength of obturation material did not differ significantly between diode laser, EDTA and citric acid.

Evaluation of Push out Bond Strength of Fiber Post after Treating the Intra Radicular Post Space with Different Post Space Treatment Techniques: A Randomized Controlled In vitro Trial.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the push out bond strength after treating the post space with different irrigation procedures. STUDY DESIGN: The study sample comprised of 60 recently extracted premolars. These teeth were placed in 5.25% sodium hypochlorite solution for 5 min and then washed under tap water. De-coronated samples were biomechanically prepared until F3 ProTaper and obturated using AH-Plus and 30# (6%) gutta-percha. The specimens were allowed to set for 24 h and then post space was prepared. The teeth were randomly assigned into three experimental groups based on the treatment technique: Group A - control, Group B - sodium hypochlorite and ethylene diamine tetra acetic acid (EDTA) and Group C - diode laser and EDTA. The samples were sectioned horizontally and push out bond strength was evaluated. The stereomicroscopic examination was done for evaluating the failure mode. One-way ANOVA variance followed by Tukey's post-hoc test was used for statistical analysis using SPSS software. RESULTS: Use of diode laser does not enhance the bond strength of fiber post. CONCLUSION: Diode laser at a very low pulse can be used as an irrigant adjuvant to vaporize the cement residues. Using diode laser does not enhance the bond strength. EDTA as final irrigant increases the bond strength of fiber post.

Biological Rehabilitation of Complex Oblique Crown-root Fracture Segment Reattachment.

Dental trauma can predominantly affect the maxillary anteriors. Trauma can occur to any age group due to accidents, assaults, or leisure activities. The goal of the treatment for traumatically injured teeth is to return the teeth to acceptable function and form. In this case presentation, the endodontic and esthetic treatment approach of crown fracture is presented.